As a straight solvent, citrus natural solvent is a paint thinner alternative that can replace a wide variety of products, including mineral spirits, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, toluene, glycol ethers, and of course fluorinated and chlorinated organic solvents. Replacement for toxic chlorinated solvents, glycol ether, MEK (methyl ethyl ketone), xylene, Freon, and CFC’s parts cleaner, engine degreaser (automotive, aircraft and aerospace industries), electronics cleaning, tar and asphalt remover, asbestos shingle remover, graffiti remover, grease trap maintainer, lift station and sewage treatment applications, hand cleaner, floor cleaner, printing press cleaner, carpet stain cleaner, metal cleaner, aerosol ingredient, fragrance additive, deodorant for petroleum industry, heat transfer medium, and possible candidate for a variety of medical applications.

Citrus Natural Solvent is the major component of the oil extracted from citrus rind. When citrus fruits are juiced, the oil is pressed out of the rind. This oil is separated from the juice, and distilled to recover certain flavor and fragrance compounds. The bulk of the oil is left behind and collected. This is food grade citrus solvent. After the juicing process, the peels are conveyed to a steam extractor. This extracts more of the oil from the peel. When the steam has been condensed, a layer of oil then floats on the surface of the condensed water. The result is technical grade citrus solvent, the type of citrus solvent we offer.

In the past decade, the use of citrus natural solvent has expanded tremendously. Much of the product goes into making paint solids, used into impart an orange fragrance to products, and used as a secondary cooling fluid. But the largest growth segment has been the use of citrus solvent in cleaning products. This has occurred in both industrial uses and in household/institutional products. Citrus solvent can be used either as a straight solvent, or as a water dilatable product.

As with most organic solvents, citrus natural solvent, is not water soluble, so it can be used in the typical water separation units. With KB value of 67, citrus solvent has solubility properties close to that of CFC’s indicating that it is a much better solvent than a typical mineral spirit or paint thinner. Straight citrus solvent can be used as a wipe cleaner, in a dip bath, or in spray systems as a direct substitute for most other organic solvents.

Distributed by:
The Real Milk Paint Co.
11 West Pumping Station Road
Quakertown, PA 18951
Phone: 215-538-3886
Fax: 215-538-5435

Preparation Date: November 2009

d-Limonene is a biodegradable solvent occurring in nature as the main component of orange peel oil. d-Limonene's positive environmental profile and pleasant orange aroma have earned the product acceptance in many diverse chemical applications. d-Limonene can be used in its pure form, blended with other solvents, or easily emulsified to make water soluble cleaning products. d-Limonene is 100% bio-based and is GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) rated.

d-Limonene is a safer alternative to toxic, hazardous, and dangerous petroleum-derived chemicals. It can be used to formulate parts cleaner, engine degreaser (automotive, aircraft, and aerospace industries), electronics cleaner, tar cleaner, asphalt release agent, graffiti remover, grease trap maintainer, heat transfer fluid, lift station and sewage treatment solvent.

d-Limonene is excellent in household, institutional and industrial product formulations such as: hand cleaner, adhesive remover, hard surface cleaner, floor cleaner, automotive cleaner, ink cleaners, carpets/stain cleaner, metal cleaner, petroleum tank cleaner, asbestos abatement cleaner, and oil field solvents. It is also commonly used as an aerosol ingredient, fragrance ingredient, fragrance additive or odor mask in formulated products.

New application for d-Limonene are emerging daily. D-Limonene is also showing promise in medical and pharmaceutical fields.

Product Name: Technical Grade d-Limonene
Product Code: 30100
Synonyms: Citrus Stripper Oil, Terrene Hydrocarbons
Issue Date: May 2006

24 hrs. Chem-Tel 800-255-3924 (within continental US)
24 hrs. 813-248-0585 (collect) (outside continental US)

Emergency Overview
Appearance/Odor: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with citrus aroma.

Product is Combustible.

Slippery when spilled.
Potential Health Effects: See Section 11 for more information.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Eye contact, skin contact, inhalation.
Eye: Causes moderate to severe irritation.
Skin: May cause slight redness. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause drying of the skin.
Inhalation: May cause nose, throat, and respiratory tract irritation, coughing, headache.
Ingestion: Not likely to be toxic, but may cause vomiting, headache, or other medical problems.
Medical Conditions Aggravated By Exposure: May irritate the skin of people with pre-existing skin conditions.

This product does not contain any carcinogens or potential carcinogens as listed by OSHA< IARC< ACGIH or NTP.

OSHA Regulatory Status
This material is combustible, which is defined as having a flash point between 100°F (37.8°C) and 200°F (93.3°C). Combustible materials are hazardous according to the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Hazardous Components	CAS No.	% by Wt.
Citrus Terrenes	94266-47-4	100

Eye Contact:	Remove contact lenses at once. Flush with water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:	Wash affected area with copious amounts of soap and water. If irritation develops, seek medical attention.
Inhalation:	If symptoms of overexposure are experienced, move to fresh air. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Ingestion:	Seek medical attention immediately. DO NOT induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water. DO NOT administer anything by mouth to an unconscious person. DO NOT leave victim unattended.
General:	As with any chemical, employees should thoroughly wash hands with soap and water after handling this material.

Suitable Extinguishing Media:	Carbon dioxide, foam or dry chemical. Caution: Carbon dioxide will displace air in confined spaces and may created an oxygen deficient atmosphere.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media:	Water.
Products of Combustion:	Forms acrid fumes, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
Protection of Firefighters:	Vapors may be irritating to eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full fire-fighting turnout gear.

Personal Precautions:	Use personal protection recommended in Section 8. Product is slippery when spilled. Isolate the hazard area. Deny entry to unnecessary and unprotected personnel.
Environmental Precautions:	Keep out of drains, sewers, ditches and waterways.
Methods for Containment:	Dike spill area and cap leaking containers as necessary to prevent further spreading of spilled material. Absorb spilled liquid with suitable material such as dirt or sand.
Methods for Clean Up:	Eliminate all ignition sources. Use equipment rated for use around combustible materials. Oil soared rags my spontaneously combust; place in appropriate disposal container.
Other Information:	There are no special reporting requirements for spills of this material.

Handling:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Open container slowly to release pressure caused by temperature variations. Do no allow this material to come in contact with eyes. Avoid prolonged contact with skin. Use in well ventilated areas. Do not breathe vapors. Drum lining may occasionally chip and fall to the bottom of container; product should be filtered or strained before blending or repackaging. As with any chemical, employees should thoroughly wash hands with soap and water after handling this material.

Storage:
Product may be packaged in phenol-lined steel containers or fluorinated plastic containers. Store in well ventilated area with proper sprinkler/fire deterrent system. Storage temperature should not exceed the flash point for extended periods of time. Keep container closed when no in use. Air should be excluded from partially filled containers by displacing with nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Do not cut, drill, grind or weld on or near this container; residual vapors may ignite.

Exposure Guidelines
d-Limonene	8h TAW=30 ppm (AIHA Standard)
TWA - Time Weighted Average
Engineering Controls:	Provide ventilation. Keep away from sparks and flames.
Eye/Face Protection:	Wear safety glasses or goggles.
Skin Protection:	Nitride gloves are recommended. Boots apron, or bodysuit should be worn as necessary.
Respiratory Protection:	Not normally required. If adequate ventilation is unavailable, use NIOSH approved air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge or canister.
General Hygiene Considerations:	Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Have eyewash and emergency shower facilities immediately available. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.

Color:	Colorless to pale yellow.
Odor:	Citrus aroma
Physical State:	Liquid
Boiling Point:	349°F (176°C)
Melting Point:	-140°F(-96°C), thickens at -108°F(-78°C)
Specific Gravity:	0.838 to 0.843 @ 68°F(20°C)
Refractive Index:	1.471 to 1.474
Optical Rotation:	+96° to +104°
Vapor Pressure:	<2mmHg @ 68°F(20°C)
Flash Point:	(CCCFP):>110°F(43°C)
Flammable Limits:	LEL approx. 0.7%, UEL approx. 6.1%
Autoignition Temperature:	458°F(237°C)
Solubility in Water:	Insoluble
Evaporation Rate:	0.2(BuAc=1)
Evaporation Rate:	0.2(BuAc=1)

Note: These specifications represent a typical sample of this product, but actual values may vary. Certificates of Analysis and Specification Sheets are available upon request.

Stability:	Stable
Conditions to Avoid:	Keep away from heat, sparks and flames
Incompatible Materials:	Strong oxidizing agents and strong acids, including acidic clays, peroxides, halogens, vinyl chloride, and iodine pentaflouride.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:	Oxides of citrus terpenes, which can result from improper storage and handling, are known to cause skin sensitization.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions:	To prevent oxidation, avoid long-term exposure to air. If storing partially filled container, fill headspace with an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

Acute Effects
Citrus terpenes have been shown to have low oral toxicity (LD50>5 g/kg) and low dermal toxicity (LD50>5g/kg) when tested on rabbits. Citrus terpenes also showed low toxicity by inhalation (RD50>1g/kg) when tested on mice. The skin irritancy of limonene in guinea pigs and rabbits is considered moderate and low, respectively. Inhalation may cause irritation of the nose, throat, and respiratory tract.

Chronic Effects
This product is not classified as a carcinogen by OSHA, IARC, ACGIH or NTP. This product has not been shown to produce genetic changes when tested on bacterial or animal cells. This product does not contain known reproductive or developmental toxins. Prolonged or repeated exposure can cause drying or dermatitis of skin. Improper storage and handling may lead to the formation of a possible skin sensitizer.

Ecotoxicity:	There is no information available at this time for this product. However, a spill may produce significant toxicity to aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Some studies have shown that certain bacteria and fungi have the ability to degrade terpenes, decreasing their toxicity to fish. When spilled, this product may act as an oil, causing a film, sheen, emulsion or sludge at or beneath the surface of a body of water.
Persistence/Degradability:	Product is expected to be readily biodegradable.
Bioaccumulation/Accumulation:	No appreciable bioconcentration is expected in the environment.
Mobility in Environment:	Citrus terpenes volatilize rapidly.

Disposal:

Incinerate or dispose of in accordance with Local, State, and Federal Regulations. Taking regulations into consideration, waste may be incinerated or handled through EPA Spill Control Plan via landfill or dilution. Commercially clean containers prior to disposal. Oil soaked rags should be disposed of properly to prevent spontaneous combustion.

US DOT Shipping Classification

Proper Shipping Name:	TERPENE HYDROCARBONS; N.O.S
Hazard Class:	3
Identification No.:	UN2319
Packing Group:	III
Label/Placard:	exception §173.150(f) applies,
TDG Status:	Hazardous
IMO Status:	Hazardous
IATA Stuatus:	Hazardous

The listed transportation classification does not address regulatory variations due to changes in package size, mode of shipment or other regulatory descriptions.

Global Inventories
This product is included in the following inventories:
USA (TSCA)
Canada (DSL)
Europe (EINECS/ELINCS/Polymer/NLP)
Australia (AICS)
Korea (KECL)
Philippines (PICCS)
Japan (ENCS)

The United States FDA lists d-limonene as GRAS in 21 CFR section 182.20 and 182.6.

d-Limonene is a 100% natural, biodegradable product extracted from the peel of citrus fruit.

Proposition 65 - California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Ace of 1986
This product is not known to contain any chemicals currently listed as carcinogens or reproductive toxins under California Proposition 65 at levels which would be subject to the proposition.

SARA Title III (Section 313)
This substance contains no materials subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III (Section 313).

NFPA 704: National Fire Protection Association
Health - 1 (slight hazard)
Fire: 2 (moderate)
Reactivity - 0 (minimal hazard)

EINECS Number 304-454-3

d-Limonene is the major component of citrus terpenes, with the balance consisting of other terpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds - octanal, myrcene alpha-pinene,, linalool predominant. D-Limonene is a by-product of citrus, entirely of natural origin, and to the best of our knowledge contains no artificial flavors, sulfites, nitrites, or pesticide residue exceeding tolerances established by the FDA. D-Limonene does NOT contain lead, cadmium, mercury, or hexavalent chromium or come in contact with these chemicals since it is an citrus derived essential oil produced by steam/vacuum distillation. Further d-Limonene is packaged in food grade containers with inert liners that do NOT contain lead, cadmium, mercury, or hexavalent chromium. D-Limonene does NOT contain and is NOT manufactured with any of the Class I or II ozone-depleting substances listed under the United States Clean Air Act of 1990.

PACKAGING
D-Limonene is packaged in phenolic-lined containers as follows:

1 Gallon Pail	7 Pounds Net Weight	3.2 kg Net Weight
5 Gallon Pail	35 Pounds Net Weight	16 kg Net Weight
55 Gallon Drum	390 Pounds Net Weight	177 kg Net Weight

Drums are typically orange or black DOT approved steel drums coated with a phenolic resin liner. All drums of our domestic d-Limonene are filled to a new weight of 390 lbs. Dimensions of 55-gallon drums are diameter 23” and height 35”. Imported drums of Brazilian d-Limonene vary slightly in net weight - weight should be verified when ordering. Tank truck shipments average 6500 gallons (45,000 lbs.),. Overseas ISO tank shipments are either 20,000 liters (16,800 kg) or 24,000 liters (20,160 kg). Sample quantities (gallons & pints) are packaged in fluorinated plastic containers or glass (1 oz. samples).

Legend
ACIGH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
AIHA - American industrial Hygiene Association
BHT - Butylated Hydroxytoluene
EPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
FDA - United States Food and Drug Administration
GRAS - Generally Recognized as Safe
IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer
NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTP - National Toxicology Program
OSHA - United States Occupational Health and Safety Administration

Caution: The user should conduct his/her own experiments and establish proper procedures and control before attempting use on critical parts.

The information contained in this document is believed to be current and accurate. It is given in good faith and without warranty, expressed or implied, as to its accuracy. Anyone using this product is solely responsible for determining its suitability in any given application.

Q: How does Citrus Solvent differ from mineral spirits? A: Citrus Solvent is orange peel oil. It is the natural clear liquid that is in the rind of the orange. Citrus Solvent is an organic substance, in contrast to Mineral spirits, which is created through a chemical process called "Oil Cracking". Mineral spirits is a by-product from the manufacture of gasoline. Citrus Solvent on the other hand is a by-product of the orange juice industry from squeezing oranges. After the orange juice is squeezed the peels are then sent back to be further squeezed to extract the Citrus Solvent from the peels. The liquid is collect for other uses. Citrus Solvent does not cause any ozone depletion or contamination. Even if the orange peels were discarded the Citrus Solvent would be release to the air regardless.

Q: How does Citrus Solvent work? Is it just like regular paint thinner?

A: Citrus Solvent will evaporate like paint thinner but just a little bit slower. However, the fumes are much safer.

Q: What are the benefits of using Citrus Solvent as odorless mineral spirits?

A: Citrus Solvent is not odorless but does have an orange smell. Lower quality odorless mineral spirits may be more toxic than Citrus Solvent. Extended long term exposure to any and all solvents are not recomended.

Q: Can Citrus Solvent be used for degreasing, the way mineral spirits can?

A: Yes, Citrus Solvent makes an excellent degreaser. In many cases it works better than mineral spirits.

Q: Is Citrus Solvent safer to use on antiques than paint thinner?

A: Citrus Solvent is a good degreaser and works well for de-waxing. Citrus solvent would be safe for almost all finishes except for some delicate water base films.

Q: Do I need to wear a mask and gloves when working with Citrus Solvent as an odorless mineral spirit?

A: Gloves would be good to wear if you have sensitive skin. Citrus Solvent can dry out the skin. Good ventilation is recommended if you are doing a large project. An organic filter mask is recommended for protection from odorless mineral spirits.

Q: When using Citrus Solvent in place of paint thinner or mineral spirits, is the same amount of product used?

A: Yes, the exact same amount of Citrus Solvent is required in place of paint thinner or mineral spirits.

Q: How fast does Citrus Solvent evaporate compared to paint thinner and mineral spirits?

A: Citrus Solvent will dry a bit slower than paint thinner or mineral spirits.

Q: Does Citrus Solvent require as much ventilation during use as mineral spirits or paint thinner?

A: Ventilation would be recommended for all solvents.

Q: Is Citrus Solvent safer to store than mineral spirits or paint thinner?

A: Recommended storage for Citrus Solvent would be the same as for mineral spirits and paint thinner.

Q: What are mineral spirits?

A: Mineral spirits are a low volatility petroleum derivative commonly used as a substitute for turpentine for paint thinning. Originally developed in the late twenties, mineral spirits were first created as a formula for the dry cleaning industry. Today, mineral spirits are used in a number of applications as a cleaner, degreaser, and lubricant. Mineral spirits are created through the combination of various chemicals with hydrocarbons into three basic types. The most commonly used for paint applications is type II odorless mineral spirits. Although mineral spirits are considered safe as cleaner, OSHA, the Occupational Health and Safety Administration, warns of "potential acute health effects" including irritation of the skin and eyes, and the hazardous potential of mineral spirits if ingested or inhaled. Furthermore, mineral spirits are toxic to the lungs and nervous system, and "repeated or prolonged exposure" can produce "target organs damage".